Cannabis Legislation in the UK: Where Do We Stand in 2025?
Cannabis Legislation in the UK: Where Do We Stand in 2025?
The conversation around cannabis legislation in the UK has evolved significantly over the past decade, but the legal framework remains complex—and in some cases, confusing. At CB1 Medical, we believe in providing evidence-based, accessible information around this topic, especially for those considering medical cannabis as a treatment option.
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Is Cannabis legal in the UK?
Cannabis remains a controlled Class B drug in the UK under the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. That means possession, cultivation, or supply of cannabis for non-medical use is still illegal and can carry serious legal consequences.
However, a major shift occurred in November 2018, when cannabis-based medicinal products (CBMPs) were legalised for prescription under certain conditions. This change in law was driven by high-profile cases and increasing awareness of cannabis’s medical potential. While this was a milestone moment, it did not equate to full-scale legalisation or decriminalisation of cannabis.
This change in law was driven by high-profile cases and increasing awareness of cannabis’s medical potential. While this was a milestone moment, it did not equate to full-scale legalisation or decriminalisation of cannabis.
Medical Cannabis in the UK: Who can access it?
Although technically legal, accessing medical cannabis through the NHS remains extremely limited. The NHS typically reserves CBMP prescriptions for rare, severe conditions—like treatment-resistant epilepsy, nausea related to chemotherapy, or spasticity associated with multiple sclerosis—when other treatments have failed. Even then, gaining an NHS prescription can be a long and uncertain process.
This is where private cannabis clinics like CB1 Medical come in. We provide an alternative, legally compliant route for patients with chronic conditions who may benefit from cannabis-based treatments. Conditions like anxiety, PTSD, chronic pain, and insomnia are commonly assessed and treated by our specialist clinicians.
Why isn’t Cannabis legalised yet?
Despite growing public support and evolving attitudes, the UK government maintains a conservative stance on cannabis legalisation. Concerns often centre around public health, misuse, and long-term social impact. That said, advocacy for reform continues, with a number of MPs, public health figures, and campaign groups calling for either decriminalisation or legalisation for adult use.
The UK has taken a more cautious approach compared to countries like Canada, Germany, or some U.S. states, which have legalised cannabis either for medicinal or adult use. Until there’s a substantial policy shift, it’s unlikely we’ll see full legalisation in the near term.
What about Cannabis legislation UK-wide?
It’s important to note that drug laws in the UK are reserved matters, meaning they are determined by the UK government and apply across England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. However, implementation and enforcement may vary slightly depending on local policing and prosecutorial discretion.
In some parts of the UK, particularly in larger cities, there has been a move toward more lenient enforcement of low-level cannabis possession. Still, this does not equate to legalisation, and criminal charges are very much still a possibility.
The future of Cannabis legislation in the UK
The future of cannabis law reform in the UK will depend on a range of factors—including scientific research, patient advocacy, public health outcomes, and political pressure. As the evidence base grows and societal attitudes shift, we may see further changes, particularly in relation to medical access.
At CB1 Medical, we support safe, informed, and legal access to cannabis-based medicines for those who genuinely need them. We’ll continue to advocate for patients and provide the education and support they need to make informed decisions.
Thinking about medical cannabis?
If you’re dealing with a chronic health condition and want to learn whether medical cannabis could be an option for you, our team is here to help. Complete our free eligibility checker today to get started.
